Romanian Cyber Security Journal / Spring 2025, No. 1, Vol. 7

A Comparative Analysis of the Cybersecurity Landscape in Azerbaijan and Romania: Collaboration, Legal Framework and Protection of Critical Infrastructures

Andreea DINU, Carmen Elena CÎRNU, Tural MAMMADOV

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Abstract

In the digital age, the cybersecurity is a crucial aspect of the national security, with conflicts increasingly extending into the digital sphere. A key priority is the protection of the critical infrastructure, which is vital for the national stability and functionality. Over the past decade, Romania has strengthened its cybersecurity through international cooperation, particularly with non-EU countries. Azerbaijan has emerged as a key partner due to its strategic role in the energy sector and its investments in cyber defense.

This article examines the cybersecurity landscapes of Romania and Azerbaijan, focusing on the critical infrastructure protection and the bilateral cooperation. It reviews past and present initiatives that have enhanced cyber resilience and explores future opportunities for collaboration. Romania’s expertise in EU-driven cybersecurity initiatives provides Azerbaijan with technological support, while Azerbaijan’s strategic significance and cybersecurity investments offer Romania opportunities to expand partnerships beyond the EU. Through this cooperation, both nations can strengthen their digital defense, advance cybersecurity strategies, and contribute to the global efforts in protecting the critical infrastructure.

Keywords

Critical infrastructure, Romania, Collaboration, Cybersecurity, Azerbaijan